CNC milling titanium presents several unique challenges that require specialized techniques and equipment:

l Low Thermal Conductivity: Titanium is a poor conductor of heat, meaning it heats up rapidly during machining. This concentrated heat can lead to tool failure, workpiece distortion, and even the risk of fire.  

l Work Hardening: As titanium is machined, it tends to become harder, increasing cutting forces and accelerating tool wear. This phenomenon, known as work hardening, makes machining more difficult as the process progresses.  

l Chip Formation: Titanium produces long, continuous chips that can wrap around the cutting tool, reducing efficiency and potentially causing damage.  

l Tool Wear: The combination of heat, work hardening, and chip formation leads to rapid tool wear, requiring frequent tool changes and increasing production costs.

l Material Toughness: Titanium's inherent toughness makes it difficult to machine, requiring specialized cutting tools and parameters.