The microscope condenser plays a crucial role in image formation by:

l Directing Light: It gathers and focuses light from the light source onto the specimen.  

l Controlling Light Intensity: The condenser incorporates an aperture diaphragm that controls the amount of light reaching the specimen.

Opening the diaphragm increases the light intensity.

Closing the diaphragm reduces the light intensity and can improve contrast and resolution, especially at higher magnifications.  

l Optimizing Illumination: 

It ensures even and uniform illumination across the field of view, which is essential for clear and accurate observations.  

Proper condenser adjustment is critical for achieving optimal image quality. There is a guide about How to Adjust the Condenser for the Microscope you might also want to get.